On January 1, Germany assumes the rotating presidencies of both the European Union and the Group of Eight (G8) top industrial democracies, an unusual concentration of power in the hands of Europe's biggest economy.
Germany will guide the European Union for six months, and the G8 for a year.
The leadership of the two organizations, while only temporary, gives Berlin the opportunity to set priorities that will determine how major issues advance.
Energy Security Top Priority
Securing energy supplies for Europe, mainly oil and gas, is at the top of German priorities for its EU Presidency. Senior analyst Jan Techau, of the German Council on Foreign Relations in Berlin, says the EU is only beginning to realize the importance of this issue.
"The European Union has started very late to accept that energy interests in the Middle East -- but also in Central Asia, and in Eastern Europe with Russia -- that these are vital problems, these are existential problems for Europe," Techau says.
Techau says the EU's growing dependence on Russian energy makes good relations with Moscow essential. But he says there is a "lingering fear" that Moscow is prepared to use its resources to exert pressure on client countries.
"Russia has recognized and discovered that the energy weapon is a far more potent weapon than a nuclear device could ever be," Techau says. "And so it is very, very smart in positioning itself strategically on the European market."
Another senior analyst, Werner Becker of Deutsche Bank Research in Frankfurt, says Europe must find a way to contain what could become an uncomfortable situation.
"At the moment, it looks like the Russians want to dictate the Europeans' energy policy," Becker says. "So the Europeans must take care that they don't allow themselves to be divided, and they must find a joint strategy toward Russia."
Reaching Out To Central Asia
Another issue that interests Berlin is developing relations with Central Asia. German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier recently toured the region to see firsthand how Europe could become more involved. A German initiative is expected soon.
But Techau of the German Council on Foreign Relations does not foresee major developments. And he says the diplomacy will be difficult, because the traditionally dominant power in the area, Russia, has a phobia of being "surrounded."
In the Central Asian context, this means by the European Union in the west, Islamic nations in the south, and China to the east.
Techau sees progress in Central Asian-EU ties coming on smaller issues, such as water management and the control of drug trafficking. But these can set the scene for more. "It's these little technical issues that usually pave the way for bigger cooperation," he says.
Berlin Lacking Assertiveness?
There is concern in some quarters that Germany is too worried about keeping on the good side of Russia. Tom Porteous, a senior official with Human Rights Watch (HRW) in London, says HRW fears that under the German presidency, the EU will not show the necessary determination to bring about an improvement in the human rights situation in Uzbekistan.
"We are concerned that this is being driven by Germany's Ostpolitik -- its concern to keep on good terms with Russia -- and given that Germany is taking over the EU Presidency next year for six months, we are concerned about that," Porteous says. "We do not feel that the EU presently has enough spine to deal effectively with the situation in Uzbekistan, which has not improved."
The EU imposed sanctions on Uzbekistan in the wake of the Andijon killings there in 2005, but Porteous wants to know where the follow-up moves are.
Slowing EU Expansion
Then there is the question of Turkey's troubled bid for EU membership, which Brusse
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